A
son of a surgeon, Wim Wenders was
born on the 14th of August, 1945, in Düsseldorf, Germany,
at 8:10 am.
The
name “Wim” is rather of Dutch origin and had occurred
on Wim’s mother’s side of the family. The name had
been decided upon by his parents, but was refused by the authorities
on grounds that it was not “a proper German name”.
The most similar-sounding name was Wilhelm and so his birth certificate
and his passport state his full name as Ernst Wilhelm Wenders,
Ernst being his godfather’s name.
After he graduated from the “Gymnasium”
(high school) in Oberhausen, an industrial city in the Ruhr district,
Wim began his studies in medicine (1963-64) and philosophy (1964-65)
in Freiburg and Düsseldorf. However, he interrupted his academic
education and decided to become a painter. He moved to Paris in
October of 1966, where he failed his entry test at the Art Academy.
Instead he worked as an engraver in the atelier of the American
artist Johnny Friedlander in Montparnasse. During that time he
also became a regular visitor of the Cinemathèque Francaise,
saw up to 5 movies a day and more than a thousand films altogether
and got hooked on cinema.
Wim
returned to Germany in 1967, worked briefly in the Düsseldorf
office of United Artists and that autumn entered the "Hochschule
für Fernsehen and Film" (Graduate School of Film and
Television), which had just been founded in Munich. (Rainer Werner
Fassbinder was one of the rejects, and was so pissed off that
he immediately started to make movies to show them...)
Between 1967 and 1970, parallel to his 3 years
at the HFF, Wim also worked as a film critic and contributed to
the film review "FilmKritik", to the Munich daily newspaper
"Süddeutsche Zeitung.", to the magazine TWEN and
DER SPIEGEL.
During the same period he finished several short
films and in the hot summer of 1968 was arrested during a demonstration
protesting against the assault on Rudi Dutschke. He was given
a six and a half month suspended sentence for resisting arrest.
Wim Wenders graduated from the Hochschule with
a feature-length film "Summer in the City", shot on
16mm and black and white for the budget of the half-hour 35mm
film he was expected to deliver. But he really began his professional
career in 1971 with his next film, "The Goalkeepers Fear
of the Penalty Kick", based on the novel of the same name
by his friend Peter Handke.
In
1971, together with fourteen other German filmmakers, he started
a production and distribution cooperative called "Filmverlag
der Autoren". That company became the nucleus of the “New
German Cinema”. In 1974, he also founded Wim Wenders Produktion
(which was founded in Munich and relocated to Berlin in 1978).
Filmverlag produced and distributed, after “The Goalie’s
anxiety” Wim’s next features, “Scarlet Letter”,
“Alice in the Cities”, “Wrong Move” and
“Kings of the Road”.
In 1976, he started "Road Movies Filmproduktion
Inc" in Berlin, which produced over the years not only Wenders’
films, but was involved in more than a hundred productions and
coproductions up to 2003. For a number years in the early 80s,
Wim also had a production company in New York together with Chris
Sievernich, Gray City Inc.
While producing and directing through these various
companies, Wim Wenders would become one of the major figures to
emerge from the New German Cinema.
In
1977, he finished "The American Friend", his first international
co-production which brought him to the attention of Francis Ford
Coppola. In 1978, upon invitation of Coppola, he went to the United
States to shoot “Hammett” for Zoetrope Productions,
which occupied him, among other works, until 1982. During the
forced interruptions in the shooting of the film, Wenders made
"Lightning over Water" (together with his friend, director
Nicholas Ray) and then "The State of Things", which
won him the Golden Lion at the Venice Festival of 1982, the first
in a series of prestigious international acknowledgments.
In
the summer of 1982, after his difficult experiences in the United
States, he directed his first (and only) play, "Über
die Dörfer" by Peter Handke for the “Salzburger
Festpiele”.
Moving
from Los Angeles to New York that year, Wim had started working
on a script together with Sam Shepard whom he had first met in
1978, when he had wanted to cast him as Hammett. (The studio had
refused Wenders’ choice at the time.) Wim had written a
first script based on Shepard’s “Motel Chronicles”,
but the two then decided to start from scratch. The film was then
shot in the summer of 1983 and was eventually titled “Paris,
Texas”. It won the Golden Palm at the Cannes Film Festival
in 1984. With that, Wim had become one of the cult directors of
the '80s, while his films were becoming ever more successful with
the public.
In 1984 he also became a member of the "Akademie
der Künste" in Berlin.
In
1987, besides the release of his film "Der Himmel über
Berlin", (“Wings of desire” in English) winner
of the prize for Best Director at the 1987 Cannes Film Festival,
he also published his first photo book, "Written in the West",
which reflected his fascination with the American West. This collection
of photographs would be followed by many other books, collections
of essays and reflections on filmmaking. He also published a number
of books that accompanied his films. (“Kings of the Road”
was the first of those, followed by “Paris, Texas”,
“Tokyo-Ga”, “Wings of Desire” and others)
In
1989 Wim Wenders received an honorary doctor title from the Sorbonne
University in Paris.
In 1991 he completed his long-time science-fiction
project, "Until the End of the World". Unhappy with
the abbreviated version he was forced to release, he continued
editing after the release of the film and produced a 5-hour director’s
cut that was going to be released only 12 years later. In the
same year he received the prestigious Friedrich
Wilhelm Murnau Award in Bielefeld.
After
“Tokyo-Ga”, a film on his favorite director, the great
Japanese master Yasujiro Ozu, he made another documentary film
a couple of years later on fashion designer Yohji Yamamoto. “Notebook
on Cities and Clothes", his fourth cinematographic diary,
was followed by a collaboration with Michelangelo Antonioni "Beyond
the Clouds". Other projects in the early and mid-nineties
included "Far Away, So Close", the follow up to “Wings
of Desire”, as well as "Lisbon Story" and "A
Trick of the Light"
From
1991 to 1996 he was the appointed Chairman of the European Film
Academy and was subsequently elected as the Academy’s President,
a function he still fills out today. Between 1993 and 1999 he
has been teaching at the HFF in Munich, the film school he attended
himself. Since 2003, he is teaching as a professor at the Hamburg
Academy of Arts, the HfbK.
In 1995 he received another honorary doctorat
(in divinity) this time from the theological faculty of the University
of Fribourg in Switzerland.
Since
then he has filmed his movies mainly in the US and in English.
Most notably "The End of Violence", the award winning
music documentary "Buena Vista Social Club" and "The
Million Dollar Hotel" which won a Silver Bear at the Berlin
Film Festival in 2000. He collaborated on “Ten Minutes Older”
together with fellow directors Jim Jarmush, Spike Lee, Chen Kaige,
Werner Herzog, Aki Kaurismaki and Victor Erice. He shot another
fewature-length music documentary in Germany, “Ode to Cologne”
with his friends from BAP, a Cologne based Rock’n Roll band
who sing in their local language that needs subtitling in the
rest of Germany.
Between 2001 and 2003 he also worked on “Soul
of a Man”, his contribution to the 7-part BLUES series that
was executive-produced and initiated by Martin Scorsese. And in
2002 he wrote and directed 'Twelve Miles to Trona', a segment
for the Nicholas McClintok project 'Ten Minutes Older'.
Wim’s photo exhibition after “Written
in the West”, entitled “Pictures From the Surface
of the Earth”, went from the Hamburger Bahnhof museum in
Berlin to the Guggenheim museum in Bilbao and is touring since
then through museums in Asia, Australia and Europe.
In 2004 Wim released “Land of Plenty”
in Europe, a film dealing with poverty and paranoia in America.
That movie concluded his “LA trilogy”, together with
“End of Violence” and “The Million Dollar Hotel”.
In the summer of 2004 Wim shot “Don’t
Come Knocking”, his second collaboration with Sam Shepard,
a road movie/post-Western/family story/tragicomedy. The two of
them had been working on the script together for 3 years. The
film starred Shepard in the lead.
In 2006 Wim spent time in the Congo; contributing
to a project for 'Medicos Sin Fronteras' the Spanish chapter of
'Doctors without Borders'. The resulting segment 'Invisibles',
premiered at the 2007 Berlinale. After writing, producing and
directing the short 'War in Peace', his contribution to a collective
of 33 shorts directed by different directors about their feeling
about Cinema, Wim returned to his hometown Duesseldorf and later
to Palermo, to film his latest feature film project 'The Palermo
Shooting'. This film marks his return as a director to European
soil after he had exclusively worked in the Americas since the
mid-nineties.
Wim Wenders currently lives in Los Angeles and
Berlin, together with his wife, photographer Donata
Wenders.
|